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Hydrogen Energy Storage Market: Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trend, and Forecast 2024-2030
Hydrogen Energy Storage Market size was valued at US$ 17.36 Bn. in 2023. The global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market is estimated to grow at a CAGR of 7.2% over the forecast period.
Format : PDF | Report ID : SMR_323
Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Overview:
Hydrogen Energy Storage (HES) is a procedure, which involves using surplus energy supplied by renewables to power electrolysis during periods of low energy demand. It helps to improve supply reliability while also lowering carbon emissions and the total use of conventional petroleum fuels. It provides material handling equipment, such as forklifts and airport tugs, with supplementary grid services and fuel. In comparison to pumped storage hydropower and compressed air energy storage, it also has a large storage capacity. As a result, hydrogen is stored as compressed gas, cryogenic liquid, and loosely bound hydride compounds in the HES. The global by Stellar Market Research on the hydrogen energy storage market is come up with the segment analysis on the basis of type, technology, end-user and region.
Hydrogen storage is a crucial enabler for hydrogen and fuel cell technology growth in applications such as fixed power, portable power, and mobility. Hydrogen has the highest energy per mass of any fuel, but it has the lowest energy per unit volume due to its low ambient temperature density, necessitating the development of better storage technologies with the potential for higher energy density.
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Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Dynamics:
Growing Need for Hydrogen Storage and Demand for Fuel cell Vehicle:
The method of extracting hydrogen gas from electricity necessitates the use of hydrogen energy storage. With removed hydrogen, it is feasible to re-electrify the same. Hydrogen is a type of gas that can be used indefinitely. Several governments across the globe are supporting the storage of hydrogen gas. There is a pressing need to limit automobile consumption of conventional fuels. Petroleum and conventional fuels are both hazardous and emit carbon dioxide. The hydrogen energy storage market is expected to grow as people become more aware of the importance of sustainable energy conservation.
Hydrogen is a crucial component in the transportation sector. It is utilized as a fuel cell in a variety of car models. Vehicles incorporating a fuel cell have been rapidly growing in production in recent years. The hydrogen energy storage market's most important driver is the growing demand for fuel cell vehicles. Hydrogen is required for fuel cell technology in all types of cars, from light-duty to heavy-duty. The global Market Trends will be positive as a result of these two critical drivers.
Cost Insights of Hydrogen:
According to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), Renewable hydrogen is produced at a cost of less than USD 2.5 per kilogram to be competitive with fossil-fuel-derived hydrogen. The cost is determined by a number of factors, including the site of manufacturing, the market segment, renewable energy power prices, and future electrolyzer investments. Low hydrogen production costs will result in more energy storage devices being deployed. The market's industry participants are substantially forward integrated. Demand for stored hydrogen in a variety of end-use applications, such as fuel cell automobiles, grid services, and telecommunications, is encouraging hydrogen energy storage market players to integrate their facilities with end-use industries.
Complex Method of Storing Hydrogen and Low Production:
The technique of storing hydrogen energy is complex. It is attempted to transform power into hydrogen energy. It is a man-made method of producing long-term hydrogen energy. This approach might not provide the same natural hydrogen energy as fossil fuels. This artificial technique, on the other hand, can produce such natural hydrogen energy.
When it comes to producing hydrogen energy through electrolysis, there are a lot of laws to follow. Only 2.5 kilograms of electricity can be converted to hydrogen at a time. All of these problems obstruct hydrogen energy production. The whole hydrogen extraction and storage process is slowed as a result of these constraints. Due to the extended storage cycle, it may also have an impact on end-user demand.
Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Segment Analysis:
By Type, the Hydrogen Energy Storage Market is segmented into Liquid, Solid, and Gas. The Gas segment dominated the market with 52.4% in 2023. When compared to liquefaction, compressing hydrogen as a gas is a simplest and most cost-effective technique of storing hydrogen, as a result, it is in such great demand in the worldwide hydrogen energy storage industry. The cost per unit of hydrogen storage falls as the quantity of hydrogen storage grows for the gas form, but it remains the same for the solid kind. According to the US Department of Energy, storage costs for gas and solid types of hydrogen are $0.9/KG and $2.1/KG, respectively, at a flow rate of 10 kg/hr. However, at a flow rate of 10,000 kg/hr., the gas and solid storage costs are $0.25/KG and $2.1/KG, respectively.
By End User, the Hydrogen Energy Storage Market is segmented Industrial, Commercial, and Residential. The Industrial segment dominated the market with 41% in 2023. As demand for power generation from renewable energy sources rises, necessitating the use of hydrogen energy storage in the Industrial sector. The Commercial segment is expected to grow at the fastest rate at a CAGR of 6.8% during the forecast period. Increased demand in commercial buildings and densely populated cities are driving the commercial segment growth. The use of hydrogen energy storage in these locations can help heating systems, particularly heat pumps, run more efficiently throughout the winter. Gas turbines and microturbines are utilized in the commercial sector to generate electricity for houses and businesses, as well as cars and buses. Furthermore, hydrogen energy is employed in fuel cells to power a wide range of mobile and stationary uses, as well as small and big scale applications.
Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Regional Insights:
The North American region dominated the market with a 36% share in 2023. The rise of the hydrogen energy storage industry is being fueled by an increase in fuel cell applications, tighter pollution laws, and the use of cleaner fuels. The growing demand for hydrogen in oil refineries and chemical industries in the United States is boosting the hydrogen energy storage market growth in the North American region. In addition, North America accounted for a sizable portion of the market. This is due to the vast number of prominent players in the United States and Canada. In addition, the presence of regulatory entities, such as the energy storage association, which promote the use of hydrogen energy will propel the sector's growth.
The Asia Pacific region is expected to witness significant growth at a CAGR of 7.1% during the forecast period. The demand for sustainable energy is increasing, and the manufacturing of fuel cell vehicles is moving the market growth in the region.
The objective of the report is to present a comprehensive analysis of the Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market to the stakeholders in the industry. The report provides trends that are most dominant in the Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market and how these trends will
influence new business investments and market development throughout the forecast period. The report also aids in the comprehension of the Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market dynamics and competitive structure of the market by analyzing market leaders, market followers, and regional players.
The qualitative and quantitative data provided in the Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market report is to help understand which market segments, regions are expected to grow at higher rates, factors affecting the market, and key opportunity areas, which will drive the industry and market growth through the forecast period. The report also includes the competitive landscape of key players in the industry along with their recent developments in the Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market. The report studies factors such as company size, market share, market growth, revenue, production volume, and profits of the key players in the global market.
The report provides Porter's Five Force Model, which helps in designing the business strategies in the market. The report helps in identifying how many rivals are existing, who they are, and how their product quality is in the Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market. The report also analyses if the Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market is easy for a new player to gain a foothold in the market, do they enter or exit the market regularly if the market is dominated by a few players, etc.
The report also includes a PESTEL Analysis, which aids in the development of company strategies. Political variables help in figuring out how much a government can influence the Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market. Economic variables aid in the analysis of economic performance drivers that have an impact on the Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market. Understanding the impact of the surrounding environment and the influence of environmental concerns on the global market is aided by legal factors.
Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Scope:
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Hydrogen Energy Storage Market |
Market Segmentation |
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Market Indicators: |
Details |
by Type |
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Historical Data: |
2018-2022 |
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Forecast Period: |
2024-2030 |
By Technology |
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by End User |
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Base Year: |
2023 |
by Region |
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CAGR: |
7.2% |
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Market Size in 2023: |
US$ 17.36 Bn. |
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The market size in 2030: |
US$ 28.25 Bn. |
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Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Key Players:
- Air Liquide (France)
- Linde (UK)
- Air Products and Chemicals (US)
- ITM Power (UK)
- Hydrogenics (Canada)
- Worthington Industries (US)
- Chart Industries (US)
- Hexagon Composites (Norway)
- FuelCell Energy (US)
- Nel Hydrogen (Norway)
- Plug Power (US)
- Cummins, Inc. (US)
- Nel ASA (Norway)
- Nedstack Fuel Cell Technology BV (Netherlands)
- Iwatani Corp. (Japan)
Frequently Asked Questions
The North American region is expected to hold the highest share in the Hydrogen Energy Storage Market.
The market size of the Hydrogen Energy Storage Market by 2030 is expected to reach at US$ 28.25 Bn.
The forecast period for the Hydrogen Energy Storage Market is 2024-2030.
The market size of the Hydrogen Energy Storage Market in 2023 was valued at US$ 17.36 Bn.
Chapter 1 Scope of the Report
Chapter 2 Research Methodology
2.1. Research Process
2.2. Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market: Target Audience
2.3. Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market: Primary Research (As per Client Requirement)
2.4. Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market: Secondary Research
Chapter 3 Executive Summary
Chapter 4 Competitive Landscape
4.1. Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030
4.1.1. Market Share Analysis, By Region, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.1.1. North America Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.1.2. Europe Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.1.3. Asia Pacific Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.1.4. South America Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.1.5. Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2. Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.1. North America Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.1.1. USA Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.1.2. Canada Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.1.3. Mexico Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2. Europe Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.1. UK Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.2. France Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.3. Germany Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.4. Italy Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.5. Spain Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.6. Sweden Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.7. Austria Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.8. Rest of Europe Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3. Asia Pacific Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.1. China Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.2. India Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.3. Japan Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.4. South Korea Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.5. Australia Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.6. ASEAN Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.7. Rest of APAC Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.4. South America Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.4.1. Brazil Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.4.2. Argentina Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.4.3. Rest of South America Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5. Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5.1. South Africa Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5.2. GCC Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5.3. Egypt Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5.4. Nigeria Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5.5. Rest of Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3. Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.1. North America Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.1.1. USA Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.1.2. Canada Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.1.3. Mexico Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2. Europe Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.1. UK Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.2. France Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.3. Germany Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.4. Italy Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.5. Spain Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.6. Sweden Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.7. Austria Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.8. Rest of Europe Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3. Asia Pacific Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.1. China Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.2. India Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.3. Japan Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.4. South Korea Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.5. Australia Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.6. ASEAN Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.7. Rest of APAC Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.4. South America Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.4.1. Brazil Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.4.2. Argentina Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.4.3. Rest of South America Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5. Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5.1. South Africa Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5.2. GCC Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5.3. Egypt Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5.4. Nigeria Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5.5. Rest of Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4. Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.1. North America Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.1.1. USA Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.1.2. Canada Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.1.3. Mexico Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2. Europe Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.1. UK Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.2. France Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.3. Germany Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.4. Italy Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.5. Spain Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.6. Sweden Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.7. Austria Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.8. Rest of Europe Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3. Asia Pacific Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.1. China Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.2. India Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.3. Japan Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.4. South Korea Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.5. Australia Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.6. ASEAN Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.7. Rest of APAC Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.4. South America Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.4.1. Brazil Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.4.2. Argentina Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.4.3. Rest of South America Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5. Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5.1. South Africa Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5.2. GCC Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5.3. Egypt Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5.4. Nigeria Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5.5. Rest of Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.2. Stellar Competition matrix
4.2.1. Global Stellar Competition Matrix
4.2.2. North America Stellar Competition Matrix
4.2.3. Europe Stellar Competition Matrix
4.2.4. Asia Pacific Stellar Competition Matrix
4.2.5. South America Stellar Competition Matrix
4.2.6. Middle East and Africa Stellar Competition Matrix
4.3. Key Players Benchmarking
4.3.1. Key Players Benchmarking By Type, Pricing, Market Share, Investments, Expansion Plans, Physical Presence and Presence in the Market.
4.4. Mergers and Acquisitions in Industry
4.4.1. M&A by Region, Value and Strategic Intent
4.5. Market Dynamics
4.5.1. Market Drivers
4.5.2. Market Restraints
4.5.3. Market Opportunities
4.5.4. Market Challenges
4.5.5. PESTLE Analysis
4.5.6. PORTERS Five Force Analysis
4.5.7. Value Chain Analysis
Chapter 5 Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Segmentation: By Type
5.1. Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market, By Type, Overview/Analysis, 2023-2030
5.2. Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market, By Type, By Value, Market Share (%), 2023-2030 (USD Million)
5.3. Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market, By Type, By Value, -
5.3.1. Liquid
5.3.2. Solid
5.3.3. Gas
Chapter 6 Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Segmentation: By End User
6.1. Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market, By End User, Overview/Analysis, 2023-2030
6.2. Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Size, By End User, By Value, Market Share (%), 2023-2030 (USD Million)
6.3. Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market, By End User, By Value, -
6.3.1. Industrial
6.3.2. Commercial
6.3.3. Residential
Chapter 7 Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Segmentation: By Technology
7.1. Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market, By Technology, Overview/Analysis, 2023-2030
7.2. Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Size, By Technology, By Value, Market Share (%), 2023-2030 (USD Million)
7.3. Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market, By Technology, By Value, -
7.3.1. Compression
7.3.2. Liquefaction
7.3.3. Material Based
Chapter 8 Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Segmentation: By Region
8.1. Global Hydrogen Energy Storage Market, By Region – North America
8.1.1. North America Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Size, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.2. North America Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Size, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.3. North America Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Size, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.4. By Country – U.S.
8.1.4.1. U.S. Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Size, By Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.4.2. U.S. Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Size, By End User, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.4.3. U.S. Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Size, By Technology, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.4.4. Canada Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.4.5. Mexico Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.2. Europe Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.2.1. UK
8.2.2. France
8.2.3. Germany
8.2.4. Italy
8.2.5. Spain
8.2.6. Sweden
8.2.7. Austria
8.2.8. Rest of Europe
8.3. Asia Pacific Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.3.1. China
8.3.2. India
8.3.3. Japan
8.3.4. South Korea
8.3.5. Australia
8.3.6. ASEAN
8.3.7. Rest of APAC
8.4. Middle East and Africa Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.4.1. South Africa
8.4.2. GCC
8.4.3. Egypt
8.4.4. Nigeria
8.4.5. Rest of Middle East and Africa
8.5. South America Hydrogen Energy Storage Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.5.1. Brazil
8.5.2. Argentina
8.5.3. Rest of South America
Chapter 9 Company Profiles
9.1. Key Players
9.1.1. Air Liquide (France)
9.1.1.1. Company Overview
9.1.1.2. Tube Portfolio
9.1.1.3. Financial Overview
9.1.1.4. Business Strategy
9.1.1.5. Key Developments
9.1.2. Linde (UK)
9.1.3. Air Products and Chemicals (US)
9.1.4. ITM Power (UK)
9.1.5. Hydrogenics (Canada)
9.1.6. Worthington Industries (US)
9.1.7. Chart Industries (US)
9.1.8. Hexagon Composites (Norway)
9.1.9. FuelCell Energy (US)
9.1.10. Nel Hydrogen (Norway)
9.1.11. Plug Power (US)
9.1.12. Cummins, Inc. (US)
9.1.13. Nel ASA (Norway)
9.1.14. Nedstack Fuel Cell Technology BV (Netherlands)
9.1.15. Iwatani Corp. (Japan)
9.2. Key Findings
9.3. Recommendations
