ENG
Carbon Dioxide Market: Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trend, and Forecast 2024-2030
Carbon Dioxide Market size was valued at US$ 8.91 Bn. in 2023. Global Carbon Dioxide Market is estimated to grow at a CAGR of 4.9% over the forecast period.
Format : PDF | Report ID : SMR_322
Carbon Dioxide Market Overview:
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a versatile compound with many various applications in gaseous, liquid, and solid phases due to its unique characteristics. It is used as a chemical building block (primarily for the synthesis of urea from ammonia), as an acidifier in beverage and water treatment applications, as a supercritical solvent (e.g., in enhanced oil recovery and caffeine extraction from coffee), as shielding and inerting gas (e.g., in metalworking or food preservation), and as a chilling and cleaning agent while solid (it sublimates from solid directly to a gaseous state).
Carbon dioxide, on the other hand, is often recognized as the most serious climate issue due to its role in accelerating global warming. CO2 is created by burning fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, crude, or refined oils) for electricity, heat, or transportation; by cement manufacture (the transformation of limestone or calcium carbonate to lime or calcium oxide releases CO2); and by a variety of other industries. In 2022, mainland China is expected to be the world's top CO2 emitter (28% of global CO2 emissions), followed by the United States (16%) and India (6%).
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Carbon Dioxide Market Dynamics:
Unique Advantages and Applications of CO2:
The increased demand for CO2 in the oil and gas industry for oil extraction is expected to propel the carbon dioxide market growth throughout the forecast period. Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) is a technology for boosting the amount of crude oil extracted from oil fields using carbon dioxide gas. CO2 is pumped under high pressure into an oil reservoir, causing the oil to flow through pipelines and to the ground's surface. Oil recovery is aided by CO2 gas injection, which decreases the viscosity of recovered oil. It is used to extract oil and maintain pressure within a formation in oil wells. When CO2 is poured into an oil well, it partially dissolves into the oil, allowing for simple extraction of oil from the bedrock.
The increased use of CO2 in the manufacturing and construction industries is predicted to enhance carbon dioxide market demand. CO2 is commonly used as a shielding gas in MIG/MAG welding, where it protects the weld puddle from oxidation by the ambient air. To obtain a higher welding rate and reduce the need for post-weld treatment, a combination of argon and carbon dioxide is utilized. As a result, these factors are expected to boost the carbon dioxide market growth throughout the forecast period.
Trends in Carbon Dioxide Market:
CO2, the most abundant greenhouse gas on the earth, has a wide range of uses, from medicinal to food processing, beverage carbonation, and other industrial applications. CO2 is increasingly being employed to enrich crop development in controlled greenhouses as well as for field growth augmentation.
Some new claims have been made for cosmetic surgical treatments that use CO2 instead of Botox and skin fillers, according to data from the gas world. The process is known as carboxytherapy, and it involves injecting CO2 into the skin by a qualified professional to improve skin texture, open pores, and eliminate fat cells.
Liquid carbon dioxide and dry ice are used to remove undesirable skin, which helps the liquid carbon dioxide industry to develop. Carbon dioxide lasers are also utilized for wound closure, the removal of aberrant tissues in the oral cavity, and other similar purposes. Carbon dioxide's abundant supply and several advantages over other industrial gases are driving its growing use in a variety of end-use applications across the globe.
High Cost and Governments Stringent Regulation regarding CO2:
The high maintenance costs of CO2 transportation, along with the risk of CO2 leakage into the atmosphere, are hampering the growth of the carbon dioxide market across the globe. Protocols such as the Kyoto Protocol, which pledges the parties to restrict greenhouse gas emissions, are also expected to limit the carbon dioxide market growth throughout the forecast period.
Carbon Dioxide Market Segment Analysis:
By Source, the Carbon Dioxide Market is segmented into Hydrogen, Ethyl Alcohol, Ethylene Oxide, Substitute Natural Gas, and Others. The Ethyl Alcohol segment dominated the market with 33% in 2023. Carbon dioxide is produced as a by-product of alcoholic fermentation in the creation of ethyl alcohol. Carbon dioxide derived from ethyl alcohol has a high purity level and is mostly used in the food industry, fueling demand for this segment.
The Hydrogen segment is expected to grow at a CAGR of 4.8% during the forecast period. The steps taken by wealthy countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom to transition to a hydrogen economy are expected to improve hydrogen production while also increasing carbon dioxide emissions in this area. The increased demand for Ethylene Alcohol from end-use categories such as chemical, medical, and pharmaceuticals is expected to boost the segment's growth in the carbon dioxide market during the forecast period.
By Application, the Carbon Dioxide Market is segmented into Food & Beverages, Oil & Gas, Medical, Rubber, Fire Fighting, and Others. The Food & Beverages segment dominated the market with 39% in 2023. Carbon dioxide is primarily utilized in the Food & Beverage industry for carbonating drinks, freezing poultry and food products, and controlling pH levels. People's changing lifestyles contribute to an increase in demand for ready-to-eat and frozen foods, which increases carbon dioxide consumption. Furthermore, as the world's population grows, so does the demand for food and beverages, which is expected to support the carbon dioxide market's growth over the forecast period.
The use of cryogenic solutions in high-quality food processing is gaining traction, owing to the growing demand for food preservation and safety. Liquefied carbon dioxide is increasingly being used in cryogenic freezing and cooling applications to improve the refrigerated value of food products, particularly meat, poultry, and baked goods. The demand for cryogenic freezing in food processing applications is predicted to increase, propelling the carbon dioxide market growth during the forecast period.
Carbon Dioxide Market Regional Insights:
The North American region dominated the market with a 41% share in 2023. The presence of a significant number of oil and gas production and refineries in this region is expected to drive the growth of the carbon dioxide market. According to the American Petroleum Institute, the oil and gas sector has had a substantial demand for carbon dioxide for enhanced oil recovery over the past 35 years. According to a report by the US Department of Energy, carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery can recover over 137 billion barrels of potential oil resources, with close to 67 billion barrels costing around US$ 85 per barrel. The United States will account for 29% of world carbon dioxide demand in 2020.
The Asia Pacific region is expected to witness significant growth at a CAGR of 4.6% during the forecast period. Carbon dioxide is in great demand across the region as a result of the rapid growth of various end-use sectors that rely heavily on it.
The objective of the report is to present a comprehensive analysis of the Global Carbon Dioxide Market to the stakeholders in the industry. The report provides trends that are most dominant in the Global Carbon Dioxide Market and how these trends will influence new business investments and market development throughout the forecast period. The report also aids in the comprehension of the global market dynamics and competitive structure of the market by analyzing market leaders, market followers, and regional players.
The qualitative and quantitative data provided in the Global Carbon Dioxide Market report is to help understand which market segments, regions are expected to grow at higher rates, factors affecting the market, and key opportunity areas, which will drive the industry and market growth through the forecast period. The report also includes the competitive landscape of key players in the industry along with their recent developments in the Global Carbon Dioxide Market. The report studies factors such as company size, market share, market growth, revenue, production volume, and profits of the key players in the global market.
The report provides Porter's Five Force Model, which helps in designing the business strategies in the market. The report helps in identifying how many rivals are existing, who they are, and how their product quality is in the Global Carbon Dioxide Market. The report also analyses if the Global Carbon Dioxide Market is easy for a new player to gain a foothold in the market, do they enter or exit the market regularly if the market is dominated by a few players, etc.
The report also includes a PESTEL Analysis, which aids in the development of company strategies. Political variables help in figuring out how much a government can influence the Global Carbon Dioxide Market. Economic variables aid in the analysis of economic performance drivers that have an impact on the Global Carbon Dioxide Market. Understanding the impact of the surrounding environment and the influence of environmental concerns on the global market is aided by legal factors.
Carbon Dioxide Market Scope:
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Carbon Dioxide Market |
Market Segmentation |
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Market Indicators: |
Details |
by Source |
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Historical Data: |
2018-2022 |
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Forecast Period: |
2024-2030 |
By Production |
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by Application |
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Base Year: |
2023 |
by Region |
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CAGR: |
4.9% |
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Market Size in 2023: |
US$ 8.91 Bn. |
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The market size in 2030: |
US$ 12.46 Bn. |
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Carbon Dioxide Market Key Players:
- Air Liquide (France)
- Linde AG (Ireland)
- Matheson Tri-Gas (United States)
- Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.( United States)
- AIR WATER INC (Japan)
- Airgas (United States)
- Buzwair Industrial Gases Factories (Qatar)
- Gulf Cryo (United Arab Emirates)
- INOX Air Products Ltd. (India)
- Iwatani Corporation (Japan)
- Matheson Tri-Gas, Inc. (United States)
- Messer (Germany)
- Praxair, Inc. (United States)
- SABIC (Saudi Arabia)
- SOL (Italy)
Frequently Asked Questions
The North American region is expected to hold the highest share in the Carbon Dioxide Market.
The market size of the Carbon Dioxide Market by 2030 is expected to reach at US$ 12.46 Bn.
The forecast period for the Carbon Dioxide Market is 2024-2030.
The market size of the Carbon Dioxide Market in 2023 was valued at US$ 8.91 Bn.
Chapter 1 Scope of the Report
Chapter 2 Research Methodology
2.1. Research Process
2.2. Global Carbon Dioxide Market: Target Audience
2.3. Global Carbon Dioxide Market: Primary Research (As per Client Requirement)
2.4. Global Carbon Dioxide Market: Secondary Research
Chapter 3 Executive Summary
Chapter 4 Competitive Landscape
4.1. Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030
4.1.1. Market Share Analysis, By Region, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.1.1. North America Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.1.2. Europe Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.1.3. Asia Pacific Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.1.4. South America Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.1.5. Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2. Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.1. North America Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.1.1. USA Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.1.2. Canada Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.1.3. Mexico Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2. Europe Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.1. UK Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.2. France Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.3. Germany Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.4. Italy Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.5. Spain Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.6. Sweden Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.7. Austria Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.8. Rest of Europe Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3. Asia Pacific Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.1. China Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.2. India Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.3. Japan Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.4. South Korea Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.5. Australia Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.6. ASEAN Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.7. Rest of APAC Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.4. South America Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.4.1. Brazil Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.4.2. Argentina Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.4.3. Rest of South America Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5. Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5.1. South Africa Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5.2. GCC Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5.3. Egypt Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5.4. Nigeria Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5.5. Rest of Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3. Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.1. North America Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.1.1. USA Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.1.2. Canada Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.1.3. Mexico Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2. Europe Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.1. UK Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.2. France Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.3. Germany Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.4. Italy Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.5. Spain Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.6. Sweden Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.7. Austria Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.8. Rest of Europe Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3. Asia Pacific Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.1. China Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.2. India Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.3. Japan Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.4. South Korea Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.5. Australia Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.6. ASEAN Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.7. Rest of APAC Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.4. South America Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.4.1. Brazil Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.4.2. Argentina Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.4.3. Rest of South America Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5. Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5.1. South Africa Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5.2. GCC Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5.3. Egypt Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5.4. Nigeria Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5.5. Rest of Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4. Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.1. North America Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.1.1. USA Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.1.2. Canada Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.1.3. Mexico Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2. Europe Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.1. UK Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.2. France Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.3. Germany Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.4. Italy Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.5. Spain Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.6. Sweden Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.7. Austria Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.8. Rest of Europe Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3. Asia Pacific Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.1. China Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.2. India Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.3. Japan Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.4. South Korea Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.5. Australia Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.6. ASEAN Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.7. Rest of APAC Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.4. South America Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.4.1. Brazil Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.4.2. Argentina Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.4.3. Rest of South America Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5. Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5.1. South Africa Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5.2. GCC Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5.3. Egypt Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5.4. Nigeria Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5.5. Rest of Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.2. Stellar Competition matrix
4.2.1. Global Stellar Competition Matrix
4.2.2. North America Stellar Competition Matrix
4.2.3. Europe Stellar Competition Matrix
4.2.4. Asia Pacific Stellar Competition Matrix
4.2.5. South America Stellar Competition Matrix
4.2.6. Middle East and Africa Stellar Competition Matrix
4.3. Key Players Benchmarking
4.3.1. Key Players Benchmarking By Source, Pricing, Market Share, Investments, Expansion Plans, Physical Presence and Presence in the Market.
4.4. Mergers and Acquisitions in Industry
4.4.1. M&A by Region, Value and Strategic Intent
4.5. Market Dynamics
4.5.1. Market Drivers
4.5.2. Market Restraints
4.5.3. Market Opportunities
4.5.4. Market Challenges
4.5.5. PESTLE Analysis
4.5.6. PORTERS Five Force Analysis
4.5.7. Value Chain Analysis
Chapter 5 Global Carbon Dioxide Market Segmentation: By Source
5.1. Global Carbon Dioxide Market, By Source, Overview/Analysis, 2023-2030
5.2. Global Carbon Dioxide Market, By Source, By Value, Market Share (%), 2023-2030 (USD Million)
5.3. Global Carbon Dioxide Market, By Source, By Value, -
5.3.1. Hydrogen
5.3.2. Ethyl Alcohol
5.3.3. Ethylene Oxide
5.3.4. Substitute Natural Gas
5.3.5. Others
Chapter 6 Global Carbon Dioxide Market Segmentation: By Production
6.1. Global Carbon Dioxide Market, By Production, Overview/Analysis, 2023-2030
6.2. Global Carbon Dioxide Market Size, By Production, By Value, Market Share (%), 2023-2030 (USD Million)
6.3. Global Carbon Dioxide Market, By Production, By Value, -
6.3.1. Combustion
6.3.2. Biological
Chapter 7 Global Carbon Dioxide Market Segmentation: By Application
7.1. Global Carbon Dioxide Market, By Application, Overview/Analysis, 2023-2030
7.2. Global Carbon Dioxide Market Size, By Application, By Value, Market Share (%), 2023-2030 (USD Million)
7.3. Global Carbon Dioxide Market, By Application, By Value, -
7.3.1. Food & Beverages
7.3.2. Oil & Gas
7.3.3. Medical
7.3.4. Rubber
7.3.5. Fire Fighting
7.3.6. Others
Chapter 8 Global Carbon Dioxide Market Segmentation: By Region
8.1. Global Carbon Dioxide Market, By Region – North America
8.1.1. North America Carbon Dioxide Market Size, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.2. North America Carbon Dioxide Market Size, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.3. North America Carbon Dioxide Market Size, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.4. By Country – U.S.
8.1.4.1. U.S. Carbon Dioxide Market Size, By Source, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.4.2. U.S. Carbon Dioxide Market Size, By Production, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.4.3. U.S. Carbon Dioxide Market Size, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.4.4. Canada Carbon Dioxide Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.4.5. Mexico Carbon Dioxide Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.2. Europe Carbon Dioxide Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.2.1. UK
8.2.2. France
8.2.3. Germany
8.2.4. Italy
8.2.5. Spain
8.2.6. Sweden
8.2.7. Austria
8.2.8. Rest of Europe
8.3. Asia Pacific Carbon Dioxide Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.3.1. China
8.3.2. India
8.3.3. Japan
8.3.4. South Korea
8.3.5. Australia
8.3.6. ASEAN
8.3.7. Rest of APAC
8.4. Middle East and Africa Carbon Dioxide Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.4.1. South Africa
8.4.2. GCC
8.4.3. Egypt
8.4.4. Nigeria
8.4.5. Rest of Middle East and Africa
8.5. South America Carbon Dioxide Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.5.1. Brazil
8.5.2. Argentina
8.5.3. Rest of South America
Chapter 9 Company Profiles
9.1. Key Players
9.1.1. Air Liquide (France)
9.1.1.1. Company Overview
9.1.1.2. Tube Portfolio
9.1.1.3. Financial Overview
9.1.1.4. Business Strategy
9.1.1.5. Key Developments
9.1.2. Linde AG (Ireland)
9.1.3. Matheson Tri-Gas (United States)
9.1.4. Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.( United States)
9.1.5. AIR WATER INC (Japan)
9.1.6. Airgas (United States)
9.1.7. Buzwair Industrial Gases Factories (Qatar)
9.1.8. Gulf Cryo (United Arab Emirates)
9.1.9. INOX Air Products Ltd. (India)
9.1.10. Iwatani Corporation (Japan)
9.1.11. Matheson Tri-Gas, Inc. (United States)
9.1.12. Messer (Germany)
9.1.13. Praxair, Inc. (United States)
9.1.14. SABIC (Saudi Arabia)
9.1.15. SOL (Italy)
9.2. Key Findings
9.3. Recommendations
