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UPS Battery Market: Global Industry Analysis and Forecast (2024-2030) by Topology, Product Type, Application, and Region
UPS Battery Market size was valued at US$ 955.78Mn. in 2023. Global UPS Battery Market is estimated to grow at a CAGR of 9.20% over the forecast period.
Format : PDF | Report ID : SMR_144
UPS Battery Market Definition:
When utility power fails, UPS batteries provide backup power for either long enough for vital equipment to gracefully shut down so that no data is lost, or long enough to keep required loads operating until a generator is brought online. Incoming electricity is conditioned by a UPS battery to prevent sensitive electronic equipment from being damaged by the all-too-common sags and surges.
The requirement of UPS batteries to manage discrepancies in the power supply, notably in data centers and the industrial sector, is further explored to give prospects for the UPS Battery Market. Improved UPS batteries, principally lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries, will be required to meet rising power requirements, demand for clean and reliable power, and greater investments in information technology to develop microelectronic devices for various applications.
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UPS Battery Market Dynamics:
The growing need for an energy storage system for energy backup:
As the number of mission-critical facilities and businesses that use data centers grows, so does the demand for UPS battery solutions that provide reliability, safety, and exceptional performance. The UPS relies on having the right batteries, setting them correctly, and carefully maintaining them. The end customer may demand a business power server, the ability to run an entire building, or the ability to protect critical drugs held at extremely exact temperatures. For example, The Battery Electric Storage System, the world's largest UPS system, in Fairbanks, Alaska, generated 46 megawatts of energy during testing, enough to power the entire city. As a result, UPS is in high demand to facilitate such efforts. As the number of UPSs grows across the globe, drives the growth of UPS Battery Market.
Growing penetration of advanced technology are driving market growth:
Machine-to-machine, machine-to-infrastructure, and machine-to-human communication are the result of the fourth industrial revolution's continuous-wave across the globe. With the increased deployment of technologically advanced equipment in numerous industries, the need for power backup is growing at a rapid rate to ensure that machines can communicate without interruption. As the data transferred in this communication is critical to company operations, UPSs are increasingly being deployed as backup power for data storage and transmission systems in machines and infrastructure. M2M communications will rise as new infrastructural technologies are developed, as well as user desire for more automated and self-controlled appliances. Equipment downtime in manufacturing plants due to poor electrical power from utilities in various counties, power anomalies due to machining operations can be very costly and result in the entire assembly line being shut down for repairs, so the need for UPSs to protect against power interruptions is growing. As a result, the UPS battery market across the globe is expected to grow significantly throughout the forecast period.
Growing Demand for Fully Automated Grid and Smart Meters are Driving the UPS Battery Demand:
Energy is the cornerstone of socio-economic growth. In several places of the world, a considerable gap has been observed between installed energy-producing capacity, energy consumption, and population growth rates. Many countries across the globe have embraced smart metering systems and fully automated grids to deal with the pressures of a growing population. Petabytes of data are generated by smart meters, which include current drawn, measurements, power factor, damage, pilferage, and other factors. Smart meters are also integrated with ICT architecture, allowing them to send signals or readings to the grid directly. As a result, if the power goes out, the meter will be unable to send any notifications to the utility. As a result, a backup energy supply is required. So growing demand for smart grids and smart meters is expected to boost the UPS Battery Market growth throughout the forecast period.
Lack of Awareness of UPS Battery Abilities:
The UPS Battery Market across the globe has grown at a slower pace due to a lack of consumer awareness and inaccurate selection criteria from the buyers. Consumers frequently choose the cheapest option, ignoring factors such as safety features and resistive loads, which in turn, are expected to hinder the UPS Battery market growth during the forecast period.
UPS Battery Market Segment Analysis:
By Topology, the UPS Battery market is segmented into Online, Standby, and Line Interactive. The Online segment has dominated the market with a 48.3% share in 2023. The most modern and most expensive available UPS is the online UPS. The inverter never gets electricity directly from the AC outlet, thus it is always sending clean power from the battery to the computer equipment. The online or double-conversion UPS is meant to provide continuous power protection. These factors are driving the segment growth for the UPS battery market across the globe.
A Standby UPS segment of UPS Battery Market is expected to witness noteworthy growth at a CAGR of 8.83% during the forecast period. A standby UPS, also known as an off-line UPS or a line-preferred UPS, is often compact in size, efficient, and simple to use, and provides basic UPS capabilities like surge protection and battery backup. The Line Interactive UPS works in the same way as a standby or offline UPS, but it interacts with the AC power line to smooth out waveforms and rectify voltage rise and fall. It is perfect for small business, Web, and departmental servers because it has a static switch, bidirectional converter/inverter, and battery.
By Application, the UPS Battery market is segmented into Residential, Commercial, Datacenter, and Industrial. The Data Center segment is expected to grow at a CAGR of 9.1% during the forecast period. Thanks to the growing demand for data-related services, there has been significant growth in demand for data centers around the world, which is boosting UPS demand. Cloud-based services necessitate being online to provide services, increasing the demand for UPS systems. The increased popularity of cloud computing and virtualization has resulted in an increase in the number of data centers across the globe.
UPS Battery Market Regional Insights:
The Asia Pacific region dominated the market with 36.4% share in 2023. The UPS industry has a low entry barrier in the Asia Pacific region, which makes it accessible to any power electronics company. As a result, UPS providers face fierce rivalry. In addition, one of the primary issues encountered by domestic players in nations like India and other South East Asian countries is considerable growth in imports from China. For uses such as textile, residential, and small offices, China is importing units in the less than 10KVA range that use both lead acid and lithium ion batteries. As a result, a slew of underestimated UPS systems have joined the market, offering lesser battery quality, higher pricing, and lower ratings, forcing competitors to drop their prices in order to stay competitive. These two characteristics will aid producers who provide high-quality items in increasing their volume sales. As a result, these factors are expected to boost the UPS Battery market growth throughout the forecast period.
The objective of the report is to present a comprehensive analysis of the Global UPS Battery Market to the stakeholders in the industry. The report provides trends that are most dominant in the Global UPS Battery Market and how these trends will influence new business investments and market development throughout the forecast period. The report also aids in the comprehension of the Global UPS Battery Market dynamics and competitive structure of the market by analyzing market leaders, market followers, and regional players.
The qualitative and quantitative data provided in the Global UPS Battery Market report is to help understand which market segments, regions are expected to grow at higher rates, factors affecting the market, and key opportunity areas, which will drive the industry and market growth through the forecast period. The report also includes the competitive landscape of key players in the industry along with their recent developments in the Global UPS Battery Market. The report studies factors such as company size, market share, market growth, revenue, production volume, and profits of the key players in the Global UPS Battery Market.
The report provides Porter's Five Force Model, which helps in designing the business strategies in the market. The report helps in identifying how many rivals are existing, who they are, and how their product quality is in the Global UPS Battery Market. The report also analyses if the Global UPS Battery Market is easy for a new player to gain a foothold in the market, do they enter or exit the market regularly if the market is dominated by a few players, etc.
The report also includes a PESTEL Analysis, which aids in the development of company strategies. Political variables help in figuring out how much a government can influence the Global UPS Battery Market. Economic variables aid in the analysis of economic performance drivers that have an impact on the Global UPS Battery Market. Understanding the impact of the surrounding environment and the influence of environmental concerns on the Global UPS Battery Market is aided by legal factors.
UPS Battery Market Scope:
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UPS Battery Market Scope |
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Market Size in 2023 |
USD 875.26 Mn. |
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Market Size in 2030 |
USD 1620.68 Mn. |
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CAGR (2024-2030) |
9.2% |
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Historic Data |
2018-2022 |
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Base Year |
2022 |
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Forecast Period |
2024-2030 |
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Segment Scope |
by Topology
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by Product Type
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by Application
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Regional Scope |
North America- United States, Canada, and Mexico Europe – UK, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden, Austria, and Rest of Europe Asia Pacific – China, India, Japan, South Korea, Australia, ASEAN, Rest of APAC Middle East and Africa - South Africa, GCC, Egypt, Nigeria, Rest of the Middle East and Africa South America – Brazil, Argentina, Rest of South America |
UPS Battery Market Key Players:
- Saft Batteries
- Kokam Co., Ltd
- Kehua Data Co., Ltd.
- Toshiba Corporation
- Socomec
- Active Power
- EnerSys
- Vertiv
- Schneider Electric
- Leoch International Technology Limited
- GS Yuasa Corporation
- FIAMM Energy Technology S.p.A.
- Exide Industries Ltd.
- Eaton
- East Penn Manufacturing
- CSB Energy Technology Co., Ltd.
Frequently Asked Questions
The Asia Pacific region is expected to hold the highest share in the UPS Battery Market.
The market size of the UPS Battery Market by 2030 is expected to reach at US$ 1769.77Mn.
The forecast period for the UPS Battery Market is 2024-2030.
The market size of the UPS Battery Market in 2023 was valued at US$ 955.78Mn.
Chapter 1 Scope of the Report
Chapter 2 Research Methodology
2.1. Research Process
2.2. Global UPS Battery Market: Target Audience
2.3. Global UPS Battery Market: Primary Research (As per Client Requirement)
2.4. Global UPS Battery Market: Secondary Research
Chapter 3 Executive Summary
Chapter 4 Competitive Landscape
4.1. Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030
4.1.1. Market Share Analysis, By Region, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.1.1. North America Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.1.2. Europe Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.1.3. Asia Pacific Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.1.4. South America Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.1.5. Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2. Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.1. North America Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.1.1. USA Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.1.2. Canada Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.1.3. Mexico Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2. Europe Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.1. UK Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.2. France Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.3. Germany Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.4. Italy Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.5. Spain Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.6. Sweden Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.7. Austria Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.2.8. Rest of Europe Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3. Asia Pacific Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.1. China Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.2. India Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.3. Japan Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.4. South Korea Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.5. Australia Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.6. ASEAN Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.3.7. Rest of APAC Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.4. South America Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.4.1. Brazil Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.4.2. Argentina Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.4.3. Rest of South America Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5. Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5.1. South Africa Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5.2. GCC Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5.3. Egypt Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5.4. Nigeria Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.2.5.5. Rest of Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3. Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.1. North America Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.1.1. USA Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.1.2. Canada Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.1.3. Mexico Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2. Europe Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.1. UK Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.2. France Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.3. Germany Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.4. Italy Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.5. Spain Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.6. Sweden Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.7. Austria Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.2.8. Rest of Europe Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3. Asia Pacific Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.1. China Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.2. India Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.3. Japan Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.4. South Korea Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.5. Australia Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.6. ASEAN Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.3.7. Rest of APAC Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.4. South America Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.4.1. Brazil Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.4.2. Argentina Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.4.3. Rest of South America Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5. Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5.1. South Africa Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5.2. GCC Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5.3. Egypt Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5.4. Nigeria Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.3.5.5. Rest of Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4. Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.1. North America Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.1.1. USA Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.1.2. Canada Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.1.3. Mexico Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2. Europe Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.1. UK Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.2. France Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.3. Germany Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.4. Italy Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.5. Spain Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.6. Sweden Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.7. Austria Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.2.8. Rest of Europe Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3. Asia Pacific Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.1. China Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.2. India Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.3. Japan Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.4. South Korea Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.5. Australia Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.6. ASEAN Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.3.7. Rest of APAC Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.4. South America Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.4.1. Brazil Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.4.2. Argentina Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.4.3. Rest of South America Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5. Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5.1. South Africa Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5.2. GCC Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5.3. Egypt Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5.4. Nigeria Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.1.4.5.5. Rest of Middle East and Africa Market Share Analysis, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (In %)
4.2. Stellar Competition matrix
4.2.1. Global Stellar Competition Matrix
4.2.2. North America Stellar Competition Matrix
4.2.3. Europe Stellar Competition Matrix
4.2.4. Asia Pacific Stellar Competition Matrix
4.2.5. South America Stellar Competition Matrix
4.2.6. Middle East and Africa Stellar Competition Matrix
4.3. Key Players Benchmarking
4.3.1. Key Players Benchmarking By Topology, Pricing, Market Share, Investments, Expansion Plans, Physical Presence and Presence in the Market.
4.4. Mergers and Acquisitions in Industry
4.4.1. M&A by Region, Value and Strategic Intent
4.5. Market Dynamics
4.5.1. Market Drivers
4.5.2. Market Restraints
4.5.3. Market Opportunities
4.5.4. Market Challenges
4.5.5. PESTLE Analysis
4.5.6. PORTERS Five Force Analysis
4.5.7. Value Chain Analysis
Chapter 5 Global UPS Battery Market Segmentation: By Topology
5.1. Global UPS Battery Market, By Topology, Overview/Analysis, 2023-2030
5.2. Global UPS Battery Market, By Topology, By Value, Market Share (%), 2023-2030 (USD Million)
5.3. Global UPS Battery Market, By Topology, By Value, -
5.3.1. Online
5.3.2. Standby
5.3.3. Line Interactive
Chapter 6 Global UPS Battery Market Segmentation: By Product Type
6.1. Global UPS Battery Market, By Product Type, Overview/Analysis, 2023-2030
6.2. Global UPS Battery Market Size, By Product Type, By Value, Market Share (%), 2023-2030 (USD Million)
6.3. Global UPS Battery Market, By Product Type, By Value, -
6.3.1. Lead-acid
6.3.2. Lithium-Ion
6.3.3. Nickel Cadmium
6.3.4. Others
Chapter 7 Global UPS Battery Market Segmentation: By Application
7.1. Global UPS Battery Market, By Application, Overview/Analysis, 2023-2030
7.2. Global UPS Battery Market Size, By Application, By Value, Market Share (%), 2023-2030 (USD Million)
7.3. Global UPS Battery Market, By Application, By Value, -
7.3.1. Residential
7.3.2. Commercial
7.3.3. Data center
7.3.4. Industrial
Chapter 8 Global UPS Battery Market Segmentation: By Region
8.1. Global UPS Battery Market, By Region – North America
8.1.1. North America UPS Battery Market Size, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.2. North America UPS Battery Market Size, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.3. North America UPS Battery Market Size, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.4. By Country – U.S.
8.1.4.1. U.S. UPS Battery Market Size, By Topology, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.4.2. U.S. UPS Battery Market Size, By Product Type, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.4.3. U.S. UPS Battery Market Size, By Application, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.4.4. Canada UPS Battery Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.1.4.5. Mexico UPS Battery Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.2. Europe UPS Battery Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.2.1.UK
8.2.2.France
8.2.3.Germany
8.2.4.Italy
8.2.5.Spain
8.2.6.Sweden
8.2.7.Austria
8.2.8. Rest of Europe
8.3. Asia Pacific UPS Battery Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.3.1. China
8.3.2. India
8.3.3.Japan
8.3.4. South Korea
8.3.5.Australia
8.3.6. ASEAN
8.3.7. Rest of APAC
8.4. Middle East and Africa UPS Battery Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.4.1.South Africa
8.4.2.GCC
8.4.3. Egypt
8.4.4.Nigeria
8.4.5.Rest of Middle East and Africa
8.5. South America UPS Battery Market Size, By Value, 2023-2030 (USD Million)
8.5.1.Brazil
8.5.2. Argentina
8.5.3. Rest of South America
Chapter 9 Company Profiles
9.1. Key Players
9.1.1. Saft Batteries
9.1.1.1. Company Overview
9.1.1.2. Tube Portfolio
9.1.1.3. Financial Overview
9.1.1.4. Business Strategy
9.1.1.5. Key Developments
9.1.2.Kokam Co., Ltd
9.1.3.Kehua Data Co., Ltd.
9.1.4.Toshiba Corporation
9.1.5.Socomec
9.1.6. Active Power
9.1.7. EnerSys
9.1.8.Vertiv
9.1.9. Schneider Electric
9.1.10.Leoch International Technology Limited
9.1.11.GS Yuasa Corporation
9.1.12.FIAMM Energy Technology S.p.A.
9.1.13.Exide Industries Ltd.
9.1.14.Eaton
9.1.15.East Penn Manufacturing
9.1.16.CSB Energy Technology Co., Ltd.
9.2. Key Findings
9.3. Recommendations
